1package captcha
  2
  3import (
  4	"image"
  5	"image/png"
  6	"io"
  7	"math"
  8	"os"
  9	"rand"
 10	"time"
 11)
 12
 13const (
 14	// Standard width and height of a captcha image.
 15	StdWidth  = 240
 16	StdHeight = 80
 17	// Maximum absolute skew factor of a single digit.
 18	maxSkew = 0.7
 19	// Number of background circles.
 20	circleCount = 20
 21)
 22
 23type Image struct {
 24	*image.Paletted
 25	numWidth  int
 26	numHeight int
 27	dotSize   int
 28}
 29
 30func init() {
 31	rand.Seed(time.Seconds())
 32}
 33
 34func randomPalette() image.PalettedColorModel {
 35	p := make([]image.Color, circleCount+1)
 36	// Transparent color.
 37	// TODO(dchest). Currently it's white, not transparent, because PNG
 38	// encoder doesn't support paletted images with alpha channel.
 39	// Submitted CL: http://codereview.appspot.com/4432078 Change alpha to
 40	// 0x00 once it's accepted.
 41	p[0] = image.RGBAColor{0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF}
 42	// Primary color.
 43	prim := image.RGBAColor{
 44		uint8(rand.Intn(129)),
 45		uint8(rand.Intn(129)),
 46		uint8(rand.Intn(129)),
 47		0xFF,
 48	}
 49	p[1] = prim
 50	// Circle colors.
 51	for i := 2; i <= circleCount; i++ {
 52		p[i] = randomBrightness(prim, 255)
 53	}
 54	return p
 55}
 56
 57// NewImage returns a new captcha image of the given width and height with the
 58// given digits, where each digit must be in range 0-9.
 59func NewImage(digits []byte, width, height int) *Image {
 60	img := new(Image)
 61	img.Paletted = image.NewPaletted(width, height, randomPalette())
 62	img.calculateSizes(width, height, len(digits))
 63	// Randomly position captcha inside the image.
 64	maxx := width - (img.numWidth+img.dotSize)*len(digits) - img.dotSize
 65	maxy := height - img.numHeight - img.dotSize*2
 66	var border int
 67	if width > height {
 68		border = height / 5
 69	} else {
 70		border = width / 5
 71	}
 72	x := rnd(border, maxx-border)
 73	y := rnd(border, maxy-border)
 74	// Draw digits.
 75	for _, n := range digits {
 76		img.drawDigit(font[n], x, y)
 77		x += img.numWidth + img.dotSize
 78	}
 79	// Draw strike-through line.
 80	img.strikeThrough()
 81	// Apply wave distortion.
 82	img.distort(rndf(5, 10), rndf(100, 200))
 83	// Fill image with random circles.
 84	img.fillWithCircles(20, img.dotSize)
 85	return img
 86}
 87
 88// BUG(dchest): While Image conforms to io.WriterTo interface, its WriteTo
 89// method returns 0 instead of the actual bytes written because png.Encode
 90// doesn't report this.
 91
 92// WriteTo writes captcha image in PNG format into the given writer.
 93func (img *Image) WriteTo(w io.Writer) (int64, os.Error) {
 94	return 0, png.Encode(w, img.Paletted)
 95}
 96
 97func (img *Image) calculateSizes(width, height, ncount int) {
 98	// Goal: fit all digits inside the image.
 99	var border int
100	if width > height {
101		border = height / 4
102	} else {
103		border = width / 4
104	}
105	// Convert everything to floats for calculations.
106	w := float64(width - border*2)
107	h := float64(height - border*2)
108	// fw takes into account 1-dot spacing between digits.
109	fw := float64(fontWidth + 1)
110	fh := float64(fontHeight)
111	nc := float64(ncount)
112	// Calculate the width of a single digit taking into account only the
113	// width of the image.
114	nw := w / nc
115	// Calculate the height of a digit from this width.
116	nh := nw * fh / fw
117	// Digit too high?
118	if nh > h {
119		// Fit digits based on height.
120		nh = h
121		nw = fw / fh * nh
122	}
123	// Calculate dot size.
124	img.dotSize = int(nh / fh)
125	// Save everything, making the actual width smaller by 1 dot to account
126	// for spacing between digits.
127	img.numWidth = int(nw) - img.dotSize
128	img.numHeight = int(nh)
129}
130
131func (img *Image) drawHorizLine(fromX, toX, y int, colorIndex uint8) {
132	for x := fromX; x <= toX; x++ {
133		img.SetColorIndex(x, y, colorIndex)
134	}
135}
136
137func (img *Image) drawCircle(x, y, radius int, colorIndex uint8) {
138	f := 1 - radius
139	dfx := 1
140	dfy := -2 * radius
141	xx := 0
142	yy := radius
143
144	img.SetColorIndex(x, y+radius, colorIndex)
145	img.SetColorIndex(x, y-radius, colorIndex)
146	img.drawHorizLine(x-radius, x+radius, y, colorIndex)
147
148	for xx < yy {
149		if f >= 0 {
150			yy--
151			dfy += 2
152			f += dfy
153		}
154		xx++
155		dfx += 2
156		f += dfx
157		img.drawHorizLine(x-xx, x+xx, y+yy, colorIndex)
158		img.drawHorizLine(x-xx, x+xx, y-yy, colorIndex)
159		img.drawHorizLine(x-yy, x+yy, y+xx, colorIndex)
160		img.drawHorizLine(x-yy, x+yy, y-xx, colorIndex)
161	}
162}
163
164func (img *Image) fillWithCircles(n, maxradius int) {
165	maxx := img.Bounds().Max.X
166	maxy := img.Bounds().Max.Y
167	for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
168		colorIndex := uint8(rnd(1, circleCount-1))
169		r := rnd(1, maxradius)
170		img.drawCircle(rnd(r, maxx-r), rnd(r, maxy-r), r, colorIndex)
171	}
172}
173
174func (img *Image) strikeThrough() {
175	maxx := img.Bounds().Max.X
176	maxy := img.Bounds().Max.Y
177	y := rnd(maxy/3, maxy-maxy/3)
178	amplitude := rndf(5, 20)
179	period := rndf(80, 180)
180	dx := 2.0 * math.Pi / period
181	for x := 0; x < maxx; x++ {
182		xo := amplitude * math.Cos(float64(y)*dx)
183		yo := amplitude * math.Sin(float64(x)*dx)
184		for yn := 0; yn < img.dotSize; yn++ {
185			r := rnd(0, img.dotSize)
186			img.drawCircle(x+int(xo), y+int(yo)+(yn*img.dotSize), r/2, 1)
187		}
188	}
189}
190
191func (img *Image) drawDigit(digit []byte, x, y int) {
192	skf := rndf(-maxSkew, maxSkew)
193	xs := float64(x)
194	r := img.dotSize / 2
195	y += rnd(-r, r)
196	for yy := 0; yy < fontHeight; yy++ {
197		for xx := 0; xx < fontWidth; xx++ {
198			if digit[yy*fontWidth+xx] != blackChar {
199				continue
200			}
201			ox := x + xx*img.dotSize
202			oy := y + yy*img.dotSize
203			img.drawCircle(ox, oy, r, 1)
204		}
205		xs += skf
206		x = int(xs)
207	}
208}
209
210func (img *Image) distort(amplude float64, period float64) {
211	w := img.Bounds().Max.X
212	h := img.Bounds().Max.Y
213
214	oldImg := img.Paletted
215	newImg := image.NewPaletted(w, h, oldImg.Palette)
216
217	dx := 2.0 * math.Pi / period
218	for x := 0; x < w; x++ {
219		for y := 0; y < h; y++ {
220			ox := amplude * math.Sin(float64(y)*dx)
221			oy := amplude * math.Cos(float64(x)*dx)
222			newImg.SetColorIndex(x, y, oldImg.ColorIndexAt(x+int(ox), y+int(oy)))
223		}
224	}
225	img.Paletted = newImg
226}
227
228func randomBrightness(c image.RGBAColor, max uint8) image.RGBAColor {
229	minc := min3(c.R, c.G, c.B)
230	maxc := max3(c.R, c.G, c.B)
231	if maxc > max {
232		return c
233	}
234	n := rand.Intn(int(max-maxc)) - int(minc)
235	return image.RGBAColor{
236		uint8(int(c.R) + n),
237		uint8(int(c.G) + n),
238		uint8(int(c.B) + n),
239		uint8(c.A),
240	}
241}
242
243func min3(x, y, z uint8) (o uint8) {
244	o = x
245	if y < o {
246		o = y
247	}
248	if z < o {
249		o = z
250	}
251	return
252}
253
254func max3(x, y, z uint8) (o uint8) {
255	o = x
256	if y > o {
257		o = y
258	}
259	if z > o {
260		o = z
261	}
262	return
263}
264
265// rnd returns a random number in range [from, to].
266func rnd(from, to int) int {
267	return rand.Intn(to+1-from) + from
268}