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mGBA Game Boy Advance Emulator

src/third-party/zlib/examples/gzlog.c (view raw)

   1/*
   2 * gzlog.c
   3 * Copyright (C) 2004, 2008, 2012 Mark Adler, all rights reserved
   4 * For conditions of distribution and use, see copyright notice in gzlog.h
   5 * version 2.2, 14 Aug 2012
   6 */
   7
   8/*
   9   gzlog provides a mechanism for frequently appending short strings to a gzip
  10   file that is efficient both in execution time and compression ratio.  The
  11   strategy is to write the short strings in an uncompressed form to the end of
  12   the gzip file, only compressing when the amount of uncompressed data has
  13   reached a given threshold.
  14
  15   gzlog also provides protection against interruptions in the process due to
  16   system crashes.  The status of the operation is recorded in an extra field
  17   in the gzip file, and is only updated once the gzip file is brought to a
  18   valid state.  The last data to be appended or compressed is saved in an
  19   auxiliary file, so that if the operation is interrupted, it can be completed
  20   the next time an append operation is attempted.
  21
  22   gzlog maintains another auxiliary file with the last 32K of data from the
  23   compressed portion, which is preloaded for the compression of the subsequent
  24   data.  This minimizes the impact to the compression ratio of appending.
  25 */
  26
  27/*
  28   Operations Concept:
  29
  30   Files (log name "foo"):
  31   foo.gz -- gzip file with the complete log
  32   foo.add -- last message to append or last data to compress
  33   foo.dict -- dictionary of the last 32K of data for next compression
  34   foo.temp -- temporary dictionary file for compression after this one
  35   foo.lock -- lock file for reading and writing the other files
  36   foo.repairs -- log file for log file recovery operations (not compressed)
  37
  38   gzip file structure:
  39   - fixed-length (no file name) header with extra field (see below)
  40   - compressed data ending initially with empty stored block
  41   - uncompressed data filling out originally empty stored block and
  42     subsequent stored blocks as needed (16K max each)
  43   - gzip trailer
  44   - no junk at end (no other gzip streams)
  45
  46   When appending data, the information in the first three items above plus the
  47   foo.add file are sufficient to recover an interrupted append operation.  The
  48   extra field has the necessary information to restore the start of the last
  49   stored block and determine where to append the data in the foo.add file, as
  50   well as the crc and length of the gzip data before the append operation.
  51
  52   The foo.add file is created before the gzip file is marked for append, and
  53   deleted after the gzip file is marked as complete.  So if the append
  54   operation is interrupted, the data to add will still be there.  If due to
  55   some external force, the foo.add file gets deleted between when the append
  56   operation was interrupted and when recovery is attempted, the gzip file will
  57   still be restored, but without the appended data.
  58
  59   When compressing data, the information in the first two items above plus the
  60   foo.add file are sufficient to recover an interrupted compress operation.
  61   The extra field has the necessary information to find the end of the
  62   compressed data, and contains both the crc and length of just the compressed
  63   data and of the complete set of data including the contents of the foo.add
  64   file.
  65
  66   Again, the foo.add file is maintained during the compress operation in case
  67   of an interruption.  If in the unlikely event the foo.add file with the data
  68   to be compressed is missing due to some external force, a gzip file with
  69   just the previous compressed data will be reconstructed.  In this case, all
  70   of the data that was to be compressed is lost (approximately one megabyte).
  71   This will not occur if all that happened was an interruption of the compress
  72   operation.
  73
  74   The third state that is marked is the replacement of the old dictionary with
  75   the new dictionary after a compress operation.  Once compression is
  76   complete, the gzip file is marked as being in the replace state.  This
  77   completes the gzip file, so an interrupt after being so marked does not
  78   result in recompression.  Then the dictionary file is replaced, and the gzip
  79   file is marked as completed.  This state prevents the possibility of
  80   restarting compression with the wrong dictionary file.
  81
  82   All three operations are wrapped by a lock/unlock procedure.  In order to
  83   gain exclusive access to the log files, first a foo.lock file must be
  84   exclusively created.  When all operations are complete, the lock is
  85   released by deleting the foo.lock file.  If when attempting to create the
  86   lock file, it already exists and the modify time of the lock file is more
  87   than five minutes old (set by the PATIENCE define below), then the old
  88   lock file is considered stale and deleted, and the exclusive creation of
  89   the lock file is retried.  To assure that there are no false assessments
  90   of the staleness of the lock file, the operations periodically touch the
  91   lock file to update the modified date.
  92
  93   Following is the definition of the extra field with all of the information
  94   required to enable the above append and compress operations and their
  95   recovery if interrupted.  Multi-byte values are stored little endian
  96   (consistent with the gzip format).  File pointers are eight bytes long.
  97   The crc's and lengths for the gzip trailer are four bytes long.  (Note that
  98   the length at the end of a gzip file is used for error checking only, and
  99   for large files is actually the length modulo 2^32.)  The stored block
 100   length is two bytes long.  The gzip extra field two-byte identification is
 101   "ap" for append.  It is assumed that writing the extra field to the file is
 102   an "atomic" operation.  That is, either all of the extra field is written
 103   to the file, or none of it is, if the operation is interrupted right at the
 104   point of updating the extra field.  This is a reasonable assumption, since
 105   the extra field is within the first 52 bytes of the file, which is smaller
 106   than any expected block size for a mass storage device (usually 512 bytes or
 107   larger).
 108
 109   Extra field (35 bytes):
 110   - Pointer to first stored block length -- this points to the two-byte length
 111     of the first stored block, which is followed by the two-byte, one's
 112     complement of that length.  The stored block length is preceded by the
 113     three-bit header of the stored block, which is the actual start of the
 114     stored block in the deflate format.  See the bit offset field below.
 115   - Pointer to the last stored block length.  This is the same as above, but
 116     for the last stored block of the uncompressed data in the gzip file.
 117     Initially this is the same as the first stored block length pointer.
 118     When the stored block gets to 16K (see the MAX_STORE define), then a new
 119     stored block as added, at which point the last stored block length pointer
 120     is different from the first stored block length pointer.  When they are
 121     different, the first bit of the last stored block header is eight bits, or
 122     one byte back from the block length.
 123   - Compressed data crc and length.  This is the crc and length of the data
 124     that is in the compressed portion of the deflate stream.  These are used
 125     only in the event that the foo.add file containing the data to compress is
 126     lost after a compress operation is interrupted.
 127   - Total data crc and length.  This is the crc and length of all of the data
 128     stored in the gzip file, compressed and uncompressed.  It is used to
 129     reconstruct the gzip trailer when compressing, as well as when recovering
 130     interrupted operations.
 131   - Final stored block length.  This is used to quickly find where to append,
 132     and allows the restoration of the original final stored block state when
 133     an append operation is interrupted.
 134   - First stored block start as the number of bits back from the final stored
 135     block first length byte.  This value is in the range of 3..10, and is
 136     stored as the low three bits of the final byte of the extra field after
 137     subtracting three (0..7).  This allows the last-block bit of the stored
 138     block header to be updated when a new stored block is added, for the case
 139     when the first stored block and the last stored block are the same.  (When
 140     they are different, the numbers of bits back is known to be eight.)  This
 141     also allows for new compressed data to be appended to the old compressed
 142     data in the compress operation, overwriting the previous first stored
 143     block, or for the compressed data to be terminated and a valid gzip file
 144     reconstructed on the off chance that a compression operation was
 145     interrupted and the data to compress in the foo.add file was deleted.
 146   - The operation in process.  This is the next two bits in the last byte (the
 147     bits under the mask 0x18).  The are interpreted as 0: nothing in process,
 148     1: append in process, 2: compress in process, 3: replace in process.
 149   - The top three bits of the last byte in the extra field are reserved and
 150     are currently set to zero.
 151
 152   Main procedure:
 153   - Exclusively create the foo.lock file using the O_CREAT and O_EXCL modes of
 154     the system open() call.  If the modify time of an existing lock file is
 155     more than PATIENCE seconds old, then the lock file is deleted and the
 156     exclusive create is retried.
 157   - Load the extra field from the foo.gz file, and see if an operation was in
 158     progress but not completed.  If so, apply the recovery procedure below.
 159   - Perform the append procedure with the provided data.
 160   - If the uncompressed data in the foo.gz file is 1MB or more, apply the
 161     compress procedure.
 162   - Delete the foo.lock file.
 163
 164   Append procedure:
 165   - Put what to append in the foo.add file so that the operation can be
 166     restarted if this procedure is interrupted.
 167   - Mark the foo.gz extra field with the append operation in progress.
 168   + Restore the original last-block bit and stored block length of the last
 169     stored block from the information in the extra field, in case a previous
 170     append operation was interrupted.
 171   - Append the provided data to the last stored block, creating new stored
 172     blocks as needed and updating the stored blocks last-block bits and
 173     lengths.
 174   - Update the crc and length with the new data, and write the gzip trailer.
 175   - Write over the extra field (with a single write operation) with the new
 176     pointers, lengths, and crc's, and mark the gzip file as not in process.
 177     Though there is still a foo.add file, it will be ignored since nothing
 178     is in process.  If a foo.add file is leftover from a previously
 179     completed operation, it is truncated when writing new data to it.
 180   - Delete the foo.add file.
 181
 182   Compress and replace procedures:
 183   - Read all of the uncompressed data in the stored blocks in foo.gz and write
 184     it to foo.add.  Also write foo.temp with the last 32K of that data to
 185     provide a dictionary for the next invocation of this procedure.
 186   - Rewrite the extra field marking foo.gz with a compression in process.
 187   * If there is no data provided to compress (due to a missing foo.add file
 188     when recovering), reconstruct and truncate the foo.gz file to contain
 189     only the previous compressed data and proceed to the step after the next
 190     one.  Otherwise ...
 191   - Compress the data with the dictionary in foo.dict, and write to the
 192     foo.gz file starting at the bit immediately following the last previously
 193     compressed block.  If there is no foo.dict, proceed anyway with the
 194     compression at slightly reduced efficiency.  (For the foo.dict file to be
 195     missing requires some external failure beyond simply the interruption of
 196     a compress operation.)  During this process, the foo.lock file is
 197     periodically touched to assure that that file is not considered stale by
 198     another process before we're done.  The deflation is terminated with a
 199     non-last empty static block (10 bits long), that is then located and
 200     written over by a last-bit-set empty stored block.
 201   - Append the crc and length of the data in the gzip file (previously
 202     calculated during the append operations).
 203   - Write over the extra field with the updated stored block offsets, bits
 204     back, crc's, and lengths, and mark foo.gz as in process for a replacement
 205     of the dictionary.
 206   @ Delete the foo.add file.
 207   - Replace foo.dict with foo.temp.
 208   - Write over the extra field, marking foo.gz as complete.
 209
 210   Recovery procedure:
 211   - If not a replace recovery, read in the foo.add file, and provide that data
 212     to the appropriate recovery below.  If there is no foo.add file, provide
 213     a zero data length to the recovery.  In that case, the append recovery
 214     restores the foo.gz to the previous compressed + uncompressed data state.
 215     For the the compress recovery, a missing foo.add file results in foo.gz
 216     being restored to the previous compressed-only data state.
 217   - Append recovery:
 218     - Pick up append at + step above
 219   - Compress recovery:
 220     - Pick up compress at * step above
 221   - Replace recovery:
 222     - Pick up compress at @ step above
 223   - Log the repair with a date stamp in foo.repairs
 224 */
 225
 226#include <sys/types.h>
 227#include <stdio.h>      /* rename, fopen, fprintf, fclose */
 228#include <stdlib.h>     /* malloc, free */
 229#include <string.h>     /* strlen, strrchr, strcpy, strncpy, strcmp */
 230#include <fcntl.h>      /* open */
 231#include <unistd.h>     /* lseek, read, write, close, unlink, sleep, */
 232                        /* ftruncate, fsync */
 233#include <errno.h>      /* errno */
 234#include <time.h>       /* time, ctime */
 235#include <sys/stat.h>   /* stat */
 236#include <sys/time.h>   /* utimes */
 237#include "zlib.h"       /* crc32 */
 238
 239#include "gzlog.h"      /* header for external access */
 240
 241#define local static
 242typedef unsigned int uint;
 243typedef unsigned long ulong;
 244
 245/* Macro for debugging to deterministically force recovery operations */
 246#ifdef DEBUG
 247    #include <setjmp.h>         /* longjmp */
 248    jmp_buf gzlog_jump;         /* where to go back to */
 249    int gzlog_bail = 0;         /* which point to bail at (1..8) */
 250    int gzlog_count = -1;       /* number of times through to wait */
 251#   define BAIL(n) do { if (n == gzlog_bail && gzlog_count-- == 0) \
 252                            longjmp(gzlog_jump, gzlog_bail); } while (0)
 253#else
 254#   define BAIL(n)
 255#endif
 256
 257/* how old the lock file can be in seconds before considering it stale */
 258#define PATIENCE 300
 259
 260/* maximum stored block size in Kbytes -- must be in 1..63 */
 261#define MAX_STORE 16
 262
 263/* number of stored Kbytes to trigger compression (must be >= 32 to allow
 264   dictionary construction, and <= 204 * MAX_STORE, in order for >> 10 to
 265   discard the stored block headers contribution of five bytes each) */
 266#define TRIGGER 1024
 267
 268/* size of a deflate dictionary (this cannot be changed) */
 269#define DICT 32768U
 270
 271/* values for the operation (2 bits) */
 272#define NO_OP 0
 273#define APPEND_OP 1
 274#define COMPRESS_OP 2
 275#define REPLACE_OP 3
 276
 277/* macros to extract little-endian integers from an unsigned byte buffer */
 278#define PULL2(p) ((p)[0]+((uint)((p)[1])<<8))
 279#define PULL4(p) (PULL2(p)+((ulong)PULL2(p+2)<<16))
 280#define PULL8(p) (PULL4(p)+((off_t)PULL4(p+4)<<32))
 281
 282/* macros to store integers into a byte buffer in little-endian order */
 283#define PUT2(p,a) do {(p)[0]=a;(p)[1]=(a)>>8;} while(0)
 284#define PUT4(p,a) do {PUT2(p,a);PUT2(p+2,a>>16);} while(0)
 285#define PUT8(p,a) do {PUT4(p,a);PUT4(p+4,a>>32);} while(0)
 286
 287/* internal structure for log information */
 288#define LOGID "\106\035\172"    /* should be three non-zero characters */
 289struct log {
 290    char id[4];     /* contains LOGID to detect inadvertent overwrites */
 291    int fd;         /* file descriptor for .gz file, opened read/write */
 292    char *path;     /* allocated path, e.g. "/var/log/foo" or "foo" */
 293    char *end;      /* end of path, for appending suffices such as ".gz" */
 294    off_t first;    /* offset of first stored block first length byte */
 295    int back;       /* location of first block id in bits back from first */
 296    uint stored;    /* bytes currently in last stored block */
 297    off_t last;     /* offset of last stored block first length byte */
 298    ulong ccrc;     /* crc of compressed data */
 299    ulong clen;     /* length (modulo 2^32) of compressed data */
 300    ulong tcrc;     /* crc of total data */
 301    ulong tlen;     /* length (modulo 2^32) of total data */
 302    time_t lock;    /* last modify time of our lock file */
 303};
 304
 305/* gzip header for gzlog */
 306local unsigned char log_gzhead[] = {
 307    0x1f, 0x8b,                 /* magic gzip id */
 308    8,                          /* compression method is deflate */
 309    4,                          /* there is an extra field (no file name) */
 310    0, 0, 0, 0,                 /* no modification time provided */
 311    0, 0xff,                    /* no extra flags, no OS specified */
 312    39, 0, 'a', 'p', 35, 0      /* extra field with "ap" subfield */
 313                                /* 35 is EXTRA, 39 is EXTRA + 4 */
 314};
 315
 316#define HEAD sizeof(log_gzhead)     /* should be 16 */
 317
 318/* initial gzip extra field content (52 == HEAD + EXTRA + 1) */
 319local unsigned char log_gzext[] = {
 320    52, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,    /* offset of first stored block length */
 321    52, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,    /* offset of last stored block length */
 322    0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,     /* compressed data crc and length */
 323    0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,     /* total data crc and length */
 324    0, 0,                       /* final stored block data length */
 325    5                           /* op is NO_OP, last bit 8 bits back */
 326};
 327
 328#define EXTRA sizeof(log_gzext)     /* should be 35 */
 329
 330/* initial gzip data and trailer */
 331local unsigned char log_gzbody[] = {
 332    1, 0, 0, 0xff, 0xff,        /* empty stored block (last) */
 333    0, 0, 0, 0,                 /* crc */
 334    0, 0, 0, 0                  /* uncompressed length */
 335};
 336
 337#define BODY sizeof(log_gzbody)
 338
 339/* Exclusively create foo.lock in order to negotiate exclusive access to the
 340   foo.* files.  If the modify time of an existing lock file is greater than
 341   PATIENCE seconds in the past, then consider the lock file to have been
 342   abandoned, delete it, and try the exclusive create again.  Save the lock
 343   file modify time for verification of ownership.  Return 0 on success, or -1
 344   on failure, usually due to an access restriction or invalid path.  Note that
 345   if stat() or unlink() fails, it may be due to another process noticing the
 346   abandoned lock file a smidge sooner and deleting it, so those are not
 347   flagged as an error. */
 348local int log_lock(struct log *log)
 349{
 350    int fd;
 351    struct stat st;
 352
 353    strcpy(log->end, ".lock");
 354    while ((fd = open(log->path, O_CREAT | O_EXCL, 0644)) < 0) {
 355        if (errno != EEXIST)
 356            return -1;
 357        if (stat(log->path, &st) == 0 && time(NULL) - st.st_mtime > PATIENCE) {
 358            unlink(log->path);
 359            continue;
 360        }
 361        sleep(2);       /* relinquish the CPU for two seconds while waiting */
 362    }
 363    close(fd);
 364    if (stat(log->path, &st) == 0)
 365        log->lock = st.st_mtime;
 366    return 0;
 367}
 368
 369/* Update the modify time of the lock file to now, in order to prevent another
 370   task from thinking that the lock is stale.  Save the lock file modify time
 371   for verification of ownership. */
 372local void log_touch(struct log *log)
 373{
 374    struct stat st;
 375
 376    strcpy(log->end, ".lock");
 377    utimes(log->path, NULL);
 378    if (stat(log->path, &st) == 0)
 379        log->lock = st.st_mtime;
 380}
 381
 382/* Check the log file modify time against what is expected.  Return true if
 383   this is not our lock.  If it is our lock, touch it to keep it. */
 384local int log_check(struct log *log)
 385{
 386    struct stat st;
 387
 388    strcpy(log->end, ".lock");
 389    if (stat(log->path, &st) || st.st_mtime != log->lock)
 390        return 1;
 391    log_touch(log);
 392    return 0;
 393}
 394
 395/* Unlock a previously acquired lock, but only if it's ours. */
 396local void log_unlock(struct log *log)
 397{
 398    if (log_check(log))
 399        return;
 400    strcpy(log->end, ".lock");
 401    unlink(log->path);
 402    log->lock = 0;
 403}
 404
 405/* Check the gzip header and read in the extra field, filling in the values in
 406   the log structure.  Return op on success or -1 if the gzip header was not as
 407   expected.  op is the current operation in progress last written to the extra
 408   field.  This assumes that the gzip file has already been opened, with the
 409   file descriptor log->fd. */
 410local int log_head(struct log *log)
 411{
 412    int op;
 413    unsigned char buf[HEAD + EXTRA];
 414
 415    if (lseek(log->fd, 0, SEEK_SET) < 0 ||
 416        read(log->fd, buf, HEAD + EXTRA) != HEAD + EXTRA ||
 417        memcmp(buf, log_gzhead, HEAD)) {
 418        return -1;
 419    }
 420    log->first = PULL8(buf + HEAD);
 421    log->last = PULL8(buf + HEAD + 8);
 422    log->ccrc = PULL4(buf + HEAD + 16);
 423    log->clen = PULL4(buf + HEAD + 20);
 424    log->tcrc = PULL4(buf + HEAD + 24);
 425    log->tlen = PULL4(buf + HEAD + 28);
 426    log->stored = PULL2(buf + HEAD + 32);
 427    log->back = 3 + (buf[HEAD + 34] & 7);
 428    op = (buf[HEAD + 34] >> 3) & 3;
 429    return op;
 430}
 431
 432/* Write over the extra field contents, marking the operation as op.  Use fsync
 433   to assure that the device is written to, and in the requested order.  This
 434   operation, and only this operation, is assumed to be atomic in order to
 435   assure that the log is recoverable in the event of an interruption at any
 436   point in the process.  Return -1 if the write to foo.gz failed. */
 437local int log_mark(struct log *log, int op)
 438{
 439    int ret;
 440    unsigned char ext[EXTRA];
 441
 442    PUT8(ext, log->first);
 443    PUT8(ext + 8, log->last);
 444    PUT4(ext + 16, log->ccrc);
 445    PUT4(ext + 20, log->clen);
 446    PUT4(ext + 24, log->tcrc);
 447    PUT4(ext + 28, log->tlen);
 448    PUT2(ext + 32, log->stored);
 449    ext[34] = log->back - 3 + (op << 3);
 450    fsync(log->fd);
 451    ret = lseek(log->fd, HEAD, SEEK_SET) < 0 ||
 452          write(log->fd, ext, EXTRA) != EXTRA ? -1 : 0;
 453    fsync(log->fd);
 454    return ret;
 455}
 456
 457/* Rewrite the last block header bits and subsequent zero bits to get to a byte
 458   boundary, setting the last block bit if last is true, and then write the
 459   remainder of the stored block header (length and one's complement).  Leave
 460   the file pointer after the end of the last stored block data.  Return -1 if
 461   there is a read or write failure on the foo.gz file */
 462local int log_last(struct log *log, int last)
 463{
 464    int back, len, mask;
 465    unsigned char buf[6];
 466
 467    /* determine the locations of the bytes and bits to modify */
 468    back = log->last == log->first ? log->back : 8;
 469    len = back > 8 ? 2 : 1;                 /* bytes back from log->last */
 470    mask = 0x80 >> ((back - 1) & 7);        /* mask for block last-bit */
 471
 472    /* get the byte to modify (one or two back) into buf[0] -- don't need to
 473       read the byte if the last-bit is eight bits back, since in that case
 474       the entire byte will be modified */
 475    buf[0] = 0;
 476    if (back != 8 && (lseek(log->fd, log->last - len, SEEK_SET) < 0 ||
 477                      read(log->fd, buf, 1) != 1))
 478        return -1;
 479
 480    /* change the last-bit of the last stored block as requested -- note
 481       that all bits above the last-bit are set to zero, per the type bits
 482       of a stored block being 00 and per the convention that the bits to
 483       bring the stream to a byte boundary are also zeros */
 484    buf[1] = 0;
 485    buf[2 - len] = (*buf & (mask - 1)) + (last ? mask : 0);
 486
 487    /* write the modified stored block header and lengths, move the file
 488       pointer to after the last stored block data */
 489    PUT2(buf + 2, log->stored);
 490    PUT2(buf + 4, log->stored ^ 0xffff);
 491    return lseek(log->fd, log->last - len, SEEK_SET) < 0 ||
 492           write(log->fd, buf + 2 - len, len + 4) != len + 4 ||
 493           lseek(log->fd, log->stored, SEEK_CUR) < 0 ? -1 : 0;
 494}
 495
 496/* Append len bytes from data to the locked and open log file.  len may be zero
 497   if recovering and no .add file was found.  In that case, the previous state
 498   of the foo.gz file is restored.  The data is appended uncompressed in
 499   deflate stored blocks.  Return -1 if there was an error reading or writing
 500   the foo.gz file. */
 501local int log_append(struct log *log, unsigned char *data, size_t len)
 502{
 503    uint put;
 504    off_t end;
 505    unsigned char buf[8];
 506
 507    /* set the last block last-bit and length, in case recovering an
 508       interrupted append, then position the file pointer to append to the
 509       block */
 510    if (log_last(log, 1))
 511        return -1;
 512
 513    /* append, adding stored blocks and updating the offset of the last stored
 514       block as needed, and update the total crc and length */
 515    while (len) {
 516        /* append as much as we can to the last block */
 517        put = (MAX_STORE << 10) - log->stored;
 518        if (put > len)
 519            put = (uint)len;
 520        if (put) {
 521            if (write(log->fd, data, put) != put)
 522                return -1;
 523            BAIL(1);
 524            log->tcrc = crc32(log->tcrc, data, put);
 525            log->tlen += put;
 526            log->stored += put;
 527            data += put;
 528            len -= put;
 529        }
 530
 531        /* if we need to, add a new empty stored block */
 532        if (len) {
 533            /* mark current block as not last */
 534            if (log_last(log, 0))
 535                return -1;
 536
 537            /* point to new, empty stored block */
 538            log->last += 4 + log->stored + 1;
 539            log->stored = 0;
 540        }
 541
 542        /* mark last block as last, update its length */
 543        if (log_last(log, 1))
 544            return -1;
 545        BAIL(2);
 546    }
 547
 548    /* write the new crc and length trailer, and truncate just in case (could
 549       be recovering from partial append with a missing foo.add file) */
 550    PUT4(buf, log->tcrc);
 551    PUT4(buf + 4, log->tlen);
 552    if (write(log->fd, buf, 8) != 8 ||
 553        (end = lseek(log->fd, 0, SEEK_CUR)) < 0 || ftruncate(log->fd, end))
 554        return -1;
 555
 556    /* write the extra field, marking the log file as done, delete .add file */
 557    if (log_mark(log, NO_OP))
 558        return -1;
 559    strcpy(log->end, ".add");
 560    unlink(log->path);          /* ignore error, since may not exist */
 561    return 0;
 562}
 563
 564/* Replace the foo.dict file with the foo.temp file.  Also delete the foo.add
 565   file, since the compress operation may have been interrupted before that was
 566   done.  Returns 1 if memory could not be allocated, or -1 if reading or
 567   writing foo.gz fails, or if the rename fails for some reason other than
 568   foo.temp not existing.  foo.temp not existing is a permitted error, since
 569   the replace operation may have been interrupted after the rename is done,
 570   but before foo.gz is marked as complete. */
 571local int log_replace(struct log *log)
 572{
 573    int ret;
 574    char *dest;
 575
 576    /* delete foo.add file */
 577    strcpy(log->end, ".add");
 578    unlink(log->path);         /* ignore error, since may not exist */
 579    BAIL(3);
 580
 581    /* rename foo.name to foo.dict, replacing foo.dict if it exists */
 582    strcpy(log->end, ".dict");
 583    dest = malloc(strlen(log->path) + 1);
 584    if (dest == NULL)
 585        return -2;
 586    strcpy(dest, log->path);
 587    strcpy(log->end, ".temp");
 588    ret = rename(log->path, dest);
 589    free(dest);
 590    if (ret && errno != ENOENT)
 591        return -1;
 592    BAIL(4);
 593
 594    /* mark the foo.gz file as done */
 595    return log_mark(log, NO_OP);
 596}
 597
 598/* Compress the len bytes at data and append the compressed data to the
 599   foo.gz deflate data immediately after the previous compressed data.  This
 600   overwrites the previous uncompressed data, which was stored in foo.add
 601   and is the data provided in data[0..len-1].  If this operation is
 602   interrupted, it picks up at the start of this routine, with the foo.add
 603   file read in again.  If there is no data to compress (len == 0), then we
 604   simply terminate the foo.gz file after the previously compressed data,
 605   appending a final empty stored block and the gzip trailer.  Return -1 if
 606   reading or writing the log.gz file failed, or -2 if there was a memory
 607   allocation failure. */
 608local int log_compress(struct log *log, unsigned char *data, size_t len)
 609{
 610    int fd;
 611    uint got, max;
 612    ssize_t dict;
 613    off_t end;
 614    z_stream strm;
 615    unsigned char buf[DICT];
 616
 617    /* compress and append compressed data */
 618    if (len) {
 619        /* set up for deflate, allocating memory */
 620        strm.zalloc = Z_NULL;
 621        strm.zfree = Z_NULL;
 622        strm.opaque = Z_NULL;
 623        if (deflateInit2(&strm, Z_DEFAULT_COMPRESSION, Z_DEFLATED, -15, 8,
 624                         Z_DEFAULT_STRATEGY) != Z_OK)
 625            return -2;
 626
 627        /* read in dictionary (last 32K of data that was compressed) */
 628        strcpy(log->end, ".dict");
 629        fd = open(log->path, O_RDONLY, 0);
 630        if (fd >= 0) {
 631            dict = read(fd, buf, DICT);
 632            close(fd);
 633            if (dict < 0) {
 634                deflateEnd(&strm);
 635                return -1;
 636            }
 637            if (dict)
 638                deflateSetDictionary(&strm, buf, (uint)dict);
 639        }
 640        log_touch(log);
 641
 642        /* prime deflate with last bits of previous block, position write
 643           pointer to write those bits and overwrite what follows */
 644        if (lseek(log->fd, log->first - (log->back > 8 ? 2 : 1),
 645                SEEK_SET) < 0 ||
 646            read(log->fd, buf, 1) != 1 || lseek(log->fd, -1, SEEK_CUR) < 0) {
 647            deflateEnd(&strm);
 648            return -1;
 649        }
 650        deflatePrime(&strm, (8 - log->back) & 7, *buf);
 651
 652        /* compress, finishing with a partial non-last empty static block */
 653        strm.next_in = data;
 654        max = (((uint)0 - 1) >> 1) + 1; /* in case int smaller than size_t */
 655        do {
 656            strm.avail_in = len > max ? max : (uint)len;
 657            len -= strm.avail_in;
 658            do {
 659                strm.avail_out = DICT;
 660                strm.next_out = buf;
 661                deflate(&strm, len ? Z_NO_FLUSH : Z_PARTIAL_FLUSH);
 662                got = DICT - strm.avail_out;
 663                if (got && write(log->fd, buf, got) != got) {
 664                    deflateEnd(&strm);
 665                    return -1;
 666                }
 667                log_touch(log);
 668            } while (strm.avail_out == 0);
 669        } while (len);
 670        deflateEnd(&strm);
 671        BAIL(5);
 672
 673        /* find start of empty static block -- scanning backwards the first one
 674           bit is the second bit of the block, if the last byte is zero, then
 675           we know the byte before that has a one in the top bit, since an
 676           empty static block is ten bits long */
 677        if ((log->first = lseek(log->fd, -1, SEEK_CUR)) < 0 ||
 678            read(log->fd, buf, 1) != 1)
 679            return -1;
 680        log->first++;
 681        if (*buf) {
 682            log->back = 1;
 683            while ((*buf & ((uint)1 << (8 - log->back++))) == 0)
 684                ;       /* guaranteed to terminate, since *buf != 0 */
 685        }
 686        else
 687            log->back = 10;
 688
 689        /* update compressed crc and length */
 690        log->ccrc = log->tcrc;
 691        log->clen = log->tlen;
 692    }
 693    else {
 694        /* no data to compress -- fix up existing gzip stream */
 695        log->tcrc = log->ccrc;
 696        log->tlen = log->clen;
 697    }
 698
 699    /* complete and truncate gzip stream */
 700    log->last = log->first;
 701    log->stored = 0;
 702    PUT4(buf, log->tcrc);
 703    PUT4(buf + 4, log->tlen);
 704    if (log_last(log, 1) || write(log->fd, buf, 8) != 8 ||
 705        (end = lseek(log->fd, 0, SEEK_CUR)) < 0 || ftruncate(log->fd, end))
 706        return -1;
 707    BAIL(6);
 708
 709    /* mark as being in the replace operation */
 710    if (log_mark(log, REPLACE_OP))
 711        return -1;
 712
 713    /* execute the replace operation and mark the file as done */
 714    return log_replace(log);
 715}
 716
 717/* log a repair record to the .repairs file */
 718local void log_log(struct log *log, int op, char *record)
 719{
 720    time_t now;
 721    FILE *rec;
 722
 723    now = time(NULL);
 724    strcpy(log->end, ".repairs");
 725    rec = fopen(log->path, "a");
 726    if (rec == NULL)
 727        return;
 728    fprintf(rec, "%.24s %s recovery: %s\n", ctime(&now), op == APPEND_OP ?
 729            "append" : (op == COMPRESS_OP ? "compress" : "replace"), record);
 730    fclose(rec);
 731    return;
 732}
 733
 734/* Recover the interrupted operation op.  First read foo.add for recovering an
 735   append or compress operation.  Return -1 if there was an error reading or
 736   writing foo.gz or reading an existing foo.add, or -2 if there was a memory
 737   allocation failure. */
 738local int log_recover(struct log *log, int op)
 739{
 740    int fd, ret = 0;
 741    unsigned char *data = NULL;
 742    size_t len = 0;
 743    struct stat st;
 744
 745    /* log recovery */
 746    log_log(log, op, "start");
 747
 748    /* load foo.add file if expected and present */
 749    if (op == APPEND_OP || op == COMPRESS_OP) {
 750        strcpy(log->end, ".add");
 751        if (stat(log->path, &st) == 0 && st.st_size) {
 752            len = (size_t)(st.st_size);
 753            if ((off_t)len != st.st_size ||
 754                    (data = malloc(st.st_size)) == NULL) {
 755                log_log(log, op, "allocation failure");
 756                return -2;
 757            }
 758            if ((fd = open(log->path, O_RDONLY, 0)) < 0) {
 759                log_log(log, op, ".add file read failure");
 760                return -1;
 761            }
 762            ret = (size_t)read(fd, data, len) != len;
 763            close(fd);
 764            if (ret) {
 765                log_log(log, op, ".add file read failure");
 766                return -1;
 767            }
 768            log_log(log, op, "loaded .add file");
 769        }
 770        else
 771            log_log(log, op, "missing .add file!");
 772    }
 773
 774    /* recover the interrupted operation */
 775    switch (op) {
 776    case APPEND_OP:
 777        ret = log_append(log, data, len);
 778        break;
 779    case COMPRESS_OP:
 780        ret = log_compress(log, data, len);
 781        break;
 782    case REPLACE_OP:
 783        ret = log_replace(log);
 784    }
 785
 786    /* log status */
 787    log_log(log, op, ret ? "failure" : "complete");
 788
 789    /* clean up */
 790    if (data != NULL)
 791        free(data);
 792    return ret;
 793}
 794
 795/* Close the foo.gz file (if open) and release the lock. */
 796local void log_close(struct log *log)
 797{
 798    if (log->fd >= 0)
 799        close(log->fd);
 800    log->fd = -1;
 801    log_unlock(log);
 802}
 803
 804/* Open foo.gz, verify the header, and load the extra field contents, after
 805   first creating the foo.lock file to gain exclusive access to the foo.*
 806   files.  If foo.gz does not exist or is empty, then write the initial header,
 807   extra, and body content of an empty foo.gz log file.  If there is an error
 808   creating the lock file due to access restrictions, or an error reading or
 809   writing the foo.gz file, or if the foo.gz file is not a proper log file for
 810   this object (e.g. not a gzip file or does not contain the expected extra
 811   field), then return true.  If there is an error, the lock is released.
 812   Otherwise, the lock is left in place. */
 813local int log_open(struct log *log)
 814{
 815    int op;
 816
 817    /* release open file resource if left over -- can occur if lock lost
 818       between gzlog_open() and gzlog_write() */
 819    if (log->fd >= 0)
 820        close(log->fd);
 821    log->fd = -1;
 822
 823    /* negotiate exclusive access */
 824    if (log_lock(log) < 0)
 825        return -1;
 826
 827    /* open the log file, foo.gz */
 828    strcpy(log->end, ".gz");
 829    log->fd = open(log->path, O_RDWR | O_CREAT, 0644);
 830    if (log->fd < 0) {
 831        log_close(log);
 832        return -1;
 833    }
 834
 835    /* if new, initialize foo.gz with an empty log, delete old dictionary */
 836    if (lseek(log->fd, 0, SEEK_END) == 0) {
 837        if (write(log->fd, log_gzhead, HEAD) != HEAD ||
 838            write(log->fd, log_gzext, EXTRA) != EXTRA ||
 839            write(log->fd, log_gzbody, BODY) != BODY) {
 840            log_close(log);
 841            return -1;
 842        }
 843        strcpy(log->end, ".dict");
 844        unlink(log->path);
 845    }
 846
 847    /* verify log file and load extra field information */
 848    if ((op = log_head(log)) < 0) {
 849        log_close(log);
 850        return -1;
 851    }
 852
 853    /* check for interrupted process and if so, recover */
 854    if (op != NO_OP && log_recover(log, op)) {
 855        log_close(log);
 856        return -1;
 857    }
 858
 859    /* touch the lock file to prevent another process from grabbing it */
 860    log_touch(log);
 861    return 0;
 862}
 863
 864/* See gzlog.h for the description of the external methods below */
 865gzlog *gzlog_open(char *path)
 866{
 867    size_t n;
 868    struct log *log;
 869
 870    /* check arguments */
 871    if (path == NULL || *path == 0)
 872        return NULL;
 873
 874    /* allocate and initialize log structure */
 875    log = malloc(sizeof(struct log));
 876    if (log == NULL)
 877        return NULL;
 878    strcpy(log->id, LOGID);
 879    log->fd = -1;
 880
 881    /* save path and end of path for name construction */
 882    n = strlen(path);
 883    log->path = malloc(n + 9);              /* allow for ".repairs" */
 884    if (log->path == NULL) {
 885        free(log);
 886        return NULL;
 887    }
 888    strcpy(log->path, path);
 889    log->end = log->path + n;
 890
 891    /* gain exclusive access and verify log file -- may perform a
 892       recovery operation if needed */
 893    if (log_open(log)) {
 894        free(log->path);
 895        free(log);
 896        return NULL;
 897    }
 898
 899    /* return pointer to log structure */
 900    return log;
 901}
 902
 903/* gzlog_compress() return values:
 904    0: all good
 905   -1: file i/o error (usually access issue)
 906   -2: memory allocation failure
 907   -3: invalid log pointer argument */
 908int gzlog_compress(gzlog *logd)
 909{
 910    int fd, ret;
 911    uint block;
 912    size_t len, next;
 913    unsigned char *data, buf[5];
 914    struct log *log = logd;
 915
 916    /* check arguments */
 917    if (log == NULL || strcmp(log->id, LOGID))
 918        return -3;
 919
 920    /* see if we lost the lock -- if so get it again and reload the extra
 921       field information (it probably changed), recover last operation if
 922       necessary */
 923    if (log_check(log) && log_open(log))
 924        return -1;
 925
 926    /* create space for uncompressed data */
 927    len = ((size_t)(log->last - log->first) & ~(((size_t)1 << 10) - 1)) +
 928          log->stored;
 929    if ((data = malloc(len)) == NULL)
 930        return -2;
 931
 932    /* do statement here is just a cheap trick for error handling */
 933    do {
 934        /* read in the uncompressed data */
 935        if (lseek(log->fd, log->first - 1, SEEK_SET) < 0)
 936            break;
 937        next = 0;
 938        while (next < len) {
 939            if (read(log->fd, buf, 5) != 5)
 940                break;
 941            block = PULL2(buf + 1);
 942            if (next + block > len ||
 943                read(log->fd, (char *)data + next, block) != block)
 944                break;
 945            next += block;
 946        }
 947        if (lseek(log->fd, 0, SEEK_CUR) != log->last + 4 + log->stored)
 948            break;
 949        log_touch(log);
 950
 951        /* write the uncompressed data to the .add file */
 952        strcpy(log->end, ".add");
 953        fd = open(log->path, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC, 0644);
 954        if (fd < 0)
 955            break;
 956        ret = (size_t)write(fd, data, len) != len;
 957        if (ret | close(fd))
 958            break;
 959        log_touch(log);
 960
 961        /* write the dictionary for the next compress to the .temp file */
 962        strcpy(log->end, ".temp");
 963        fd = open(log->path, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC, 0644);
 964        if (fd < 0)
 965            break;
 966        next = DICT > len ? len : DICT;
 967        ret = (size_t)write(fd, (char *)data + len - next, next) != next;
 968        if (ret | close(fd))
 969            break;
 970        log_touch(log);
 971
 972        /* roll back to compressed data, mark the compress in progress */
 973        log->last = log->first;
 974        log->stored = 0;
 975        if (log_mark(log, COMPRESS_OP))
 976            break;
 977        BAIL(7);
 978
 979        /* compress and append the data (clears mark) */
 980        ret = log_compress(log, data, len);
 981        free(data);
 982        return ret;
 983    } while (0);
 984
 985    /* broke out of do above on i/o error */
 986    free(data);
 987    return -1;
 988}
 989
 990/* gzlog_write() return values:
 991    0: all good
 992   -1: file i/o error (usually access issue)
 993   -2: memory allocation failure
 994   -3: invalid log pointer argument */
 995int gzlog_write(gzlog *logd, void *data, size_t len)
 996{
 997    int fd, ret;
 998    struct log *log = logd;
 999
1000    /* check arguments */
1001    if (log == NULL || strcmp(log->id, LOGID))
1002        return -3;
1003    if (data == NULL || len <= 0)
1004        return 0;
1005
1006    /* see if we lost the lock -- if so get it again and reload the extra
1007       field information (it probably changed), recover last operation if
1008       necessary */
1009    if (log_check(log) && log_open(log))
1010        return -1;
1011
1012    /* create and write .add file */
1013    strcpy(log->end, ".add");
1014    fd = open(log->path, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC, 0644);
1015    if (fd < 0)
1016        return -1;
1017    ret = (size_t)write(fd, data, len) != len;
1018    if (ret | close(fd))
1019        return -1;
1020    log_touch(log);
1021
1022    /* mark log file with append in progress */
1023    if (log_mark(log, APPEND_OP))
1024        return -1;
1025    BAIL(8);
1026
1027    /* append data (clears mark) */
1028    if (log_append(log, data, len))
1029        return -1;
1030
1031    /* check to see if it's time to compress -- if not, then done */
1032    if (((log->last - log->first) >> 10) + (log->stored >> 10) < TRIGGER)
1033        return 0;
1034
1035    /* time to compress */
1036    return gzlog_compress(log);
1037}
1038
1039/* gzlog_close() return values:
1040    0: ok
1041   -3: invalid log pointer argument */
1042int gzlog_close(gzlog *logd)
1043{
1044    struct log *log = logd;
1045
1046    /* check arguments */
1047    if (log == NULL || strcmp(log->id, LOGID))
1048        return -3;
1049
1050    /* close the log file and release the lock */
1051    log_close(log);
1052
1053    /* free structure and return */
1054    if (log->path != NULL)
1055        free(log->path);
1056    strcpy(log->id, "bad");
1057    free(log);
1058    return 0;
1059}